自来水中氯消毒副产物MX的形成、转化与致突变性研究进展

Progress on the Formation,Conversation and Mutagenicity of Disinfection By-product MX in Chlorinated Drinking Water

在氯消毒自来水中早已发现氯仿和其它三卤甲烷类(THMs)有致突变性。近年来又发现了许多消毒副产物,其中MX致突变性最高。Ames试验表明,MX占自来水总致突变性的30%～67%;MX在自来水中的浓度极低,异构体和类似物较多,但这些类似物的总致突变性远不如MX;浓度分析和结构鉴定也比较困难;本文综述了近年来在分析方法、结构鉴定、产生机理、不同形式之间的相互转化以及生物致突变性等方面的的研究进展,提出了今后的研究方向。

Since the initial findings of chloroform and other trihalomethanes ( THMs) in chlorine-treated drinking water, a large number of by-products have b een observed. The extremely important mutagen MX has been detected as a by-prod uct of chlorination of a natural surface water. MX is the most important Ames mu tagen in chlorine-disinfected drinking waters, accounting for 30%～67%of the overall mutagenicity. The quantities of MX observed in water are very small. Fur thermore, the studies showed that compound with structural similarities to MX ar e commonly present in drinking waters, but their total contribution to the overa ll mutagenicity is much less than that of MX. This report summarizes the results of researches on the analyses, identification, mechanism, and the transform of different forms of chlorinated compounds, and mutagens.