澳门离岛植被生态恢复与重建及其效益

Vegetation restoration in the two sub-islands of Macao and its benefits

回顾了19世纪以来澳门凼仔岛和路环岛两个离岛的植物恢复进程,先锋和重造林群落的组成、结构,水系建设和生物多样性保育工作;评价了该重造林生态系统的直接和间接生态经济价值。结果表明,澳门离岛植被恢复与重建的生态系统在提高立地质量、空气质量的同时,每年可创造生态经济效益21929.03万澳元。其中直接经济效益13737.72万澳元,间接效益8191.31万澳元。结合南亚热带森林生态系统演替规律和澳门城市林业的美学价值需求等,分析、阐述了澳门离岛林分进一步改造的方向、树种和措施。

The program, pioneer and restructured communities, irrigation works and biodiversity conservation works in the two sub-islands of Macao, since the last century, were reviewed. The direct and indirect benefits of the restored ecosystem were evaluated. The result shows that the total benefit of the ecosystems is 219.29 million Macao dollars per year. Among which, the direct economic benefit is 13.74 million Macao dollars per year, and the indirect benefit is 8.19 million Macao dollars per year. Based on the succes-sion rules of forest ecosystem in low subtropical areas and the aesthetic requirement of urban forestry, further directions of vegetation restoration in the two sub-island of Macao were analyzed and expatiated.