猪胎盘效率用于选择产仔数的研究

Study on Using Placental Efficiency Select Litter Size in Pig

测定了纯种大白猪胎盘效率(仔猪初生重与胎盘重的比率),采用动物模型和MTDFREML软件对469个体的胎盘性状进行了遗传统计分析,估计了胎盘性状的遗传力,根据胎盘效率高低(<5.0、5.0～8.0、>8.0)分成3组用于产仔数的选择试验。试验结果表明:胎盘效率具有较高遗传力0.46;高胎盘效率组的母猪初配日龄更早,比低胎盘效率组少22.2d;高胎盘效率组总产仔数和活产仔数都较高,分别为9.0和8.1头,而低胎盘效率组分别为7.9和6.9头,两者相差约1头仔猪;而且到第2胎仍然保持了这种趋势,高胎盘效率组的总产仔数和产活仔数为10.45和10.09头,而低胎盘效率组分别为9.50和8.87头。初步说明利用胎盘效率选择产仔数是有效的,胎盘效率可以作为选择产仔数的辅助性状。

The genetic of Large White pig placental efficiency (the ratio of piglet's weight to that of its placenta weight) and its use for litter size selection were studied. A total number of 469 records of placenta traits were analyzed with MTDFREML software using animal model. The heritabilities of placental traits were estimated. According to placental efficiency, forty gilts divided into three group(placental efficiency <5.0?5.0～8.0?>0) have been used to test litter size. The results suggest that placental efficiency has higher heritability of 0.46, the first mate age of the high placental efficiency group was 22.2 days shorter than low group; the litter size and number born alive of high placental efficiency group were 9.0 and 8.1, the low group were 7.9 and 6.9 respectively, the difference was about 1.1 piglet. To the second parity, still keep this trends, the high group were 10.45 and 10.09, the low group were 9.5 and 8.87. This mean selection on litter size using placental efficiency was very effective, the placental efficiency can be used as a indirect trait for litter size.