鲤鱼细菌性败血症的病理学研究

Pathological Observation of the Bacterial Septicemia in Carp

报道了由嗜水气单胞菌嗜水亚种 (Aeromonashydrophilasubsp .hydrophila)感染鲤鱼引起细菌性败血症的病理学变化 ,通过对自然感染和人工感染病例的病理学观察 ,病理变化主要表现为鱼体多处出血 ,特别是体表的出血最为明显 ,上下颌、眼睛、鳃盖、鳍基充血发红 ,皮肤有瘀斑瘀点 ,并发生糜烂、溃疡 ;腹水 ,肛门红肿外突 ;心、肝、肾、肠等内脏器官充血、出血、肿大、变性、坏死、发炎以及红细胞发生溶血等 ,表现出细菌性败血症的病理特征 ,并在病理变化观察的基础上探讨了该病发生的机理。

This paper reports the pathological changes about the bacterial septicemia in Carp caused by Aeromonas hydrophila subsp.hydrophila. The main lesion is that the hemorrhage appears in many tissues (especially, on the outside of the fish bodies) of the affected fish. The hyperemia and erythema appear in the mouths, eyes, opercula, the base of fins and around the anus. Petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages, erosions and ulcers are found in the skin. The ascites appear and the visceral organs show erythema, petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages and swelling. The histopathological changes are characterized by vacuolar degeneration and necrosis in the dermis, inflammatory edema and hemorrhage in the dermis and subcutis. The gill-lamellae shows hyperemia and exudation. The myocardium inflames acutely. The liver glycogen loses and liver cells appear as cloudy swelling, hydropic and fatty degenerations and necrosis. Acute catarrhal inflammation occurs in the intestines. The glomerulus of kidney exudate and necrosise. The hemolyse occurs in the red cells.