缺水条件下北京市水市场构建与水价形成机制(一)

Building of water market and price system under the shortage condition of water resource in Beijing

北京市水资源的短缺不能简单地依赖行政性的水价提高来解决,而必须将水资源配置纳入市场体制之内,这是中国经济市场化又一亟待突破的领域。通过考察了北京市水资源短缺的基本状况,剖析了水兼有一般商品与公共品的性质,在此基础上从水权与水市场的制度构建层面探讨了缓解水资源短缺的市场价格机制,这完全不同于简单地依赖行政性提价的一般思路。在分析方法上,应用制度经济学和新古典经济学,超越了传统的单一化的成本分析,同时融合了经济学、法学和环境科学的特点。

The shortage of water resource in Beijing can not be solved simply by the administrative rising of water price.The collocation of water resource has to be involved in the market system,which is a pressing problem needed to be solved.In this paper we research the fundamental condition of the shortage of water in Beijing,and analyze the nature and particularity of water as a kind of goods,and also public goods.Then,we argue that we should develop market price system to resolve the shortage problem of water resource,which is based on the water rights and water market.And this is different from the general way such as the price rising by administration.The paper applies Institutional Economics and Neo-classic Economics and transcends the simple method of cost-analysis,absorbing the particularities of economics,law and environment science.