眼静脉与海绵窦前间隙的显微外科解剖学

Microsurgical anatomy of ophthalmic vein and anterior cavernous sinus space

目的 :为临床治疗眶上裂区域的肿瘤和颈内动脉海绵窦瘘提供显微外科解剖学依据。方法 :应用成人头颅湿标本在 1 6倍显微镜下 ,观测海绵窦前间隙、眶内引流静脉及相互之间的关系 ,和胎儿眶上裂区血管铸型标本。结果 :眼上静脉在眶内分为 3段 ,各段直径平均为 ( 2 .1 3～ 2 .5 7)mm ,眼上、下静脉在眶内汇合形成长约 ( 4 .3 5～ 4.97)mm的眼静脉总干 ,眼静脉总干从海绵窦前间隙前方或前下方与海绵窦前间隙相连 ,眼静脉总干呈纺锤型。结论 :本文结果为临床选择该区域适当的手术入路打下基础 ,经眼上静脉治疗颈内动脉海绵窦瘘是可行的。

Objective: To provide anatomy data for treatment of tumors in the superior obital fissure region and carotid cavernous sinus fistulas. Methods: Microanatomical dissection were performed on adult cadavers under ×16 magnification. Anterior cavernous sinus space, ophthalmic vein and theirs relationships were observed. The corrosion cast specimens of the superior orbital fissure in fetus were also observed. Results: Superior ophthalmic vein was divided into 3 parts in orbital cavity and the mean outer diameter was (2.13-2.57) mm. The superior ophthalmic vein and inferior ophthalmic fused together to form common venous confluence approximately (4.35-4.97) mm in length. The common venous confluence entered the anterior cavernous sinus space in its anterior or anterioinferior aspect. The shape of this common venous confluence was in a spindle shape. Conclusion:The knowledge of the anatomic details in this paper may be useful for choosing appropriate surgical approaches in this region and for performing cavernous sinus embolism through superior ophthalmic vein.