孕产妇焦虑、抑郁的发生和神经递质关系的初步研究

A preliminary study on relationship between the occurrence of anxiety and depression and neurotransmitter in pregnant women

目的 研究正常妇女与孕产妇临产前后的心理状态、孕产妇临产前后焦虑、抑郁的发生和体内神经递质水平的关系。方法 对孕产妇临产入院 3天 (一般在产前 3天内 )、追踪至产后 4天用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)、抑郁自评量表 (SDS)进行测评 ,阳性者用汉密顿焦虑、抑郁量表 (HAMA、HAMD)评定分折。对部分孕产妇及随机抽查育龄妇女 2 0例为对照组进行神经递质测定及分折。结果 本调查193例孕产妇中产前焦虑发生率为 38.34%、抑郁发生率 12 .4 4 %、产后分别为 14 .36 %、5 .85 % ,经比较有明显差异 (P <0 .0 1、P <0 .0 5 )、神经递质测定显示产前、产后 5 羟色胺、(5 HT)、肾上腺素 (NE)多巴胺(DA) (P <0 .0 1)存在非常显著的差异。情绪稳定组与紊乱组也存在差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 在孕产妇人群中提供简便有效的筛查自评、评定量表 ,能客观正确地筛查出焦虑、抑郁发生。神经递质测定为孕产妇焦虑、抑郁监测中提供客观的生物学指标 ,作为临床参考依据。

Objective: T0 investigate the relationship between the occurrence of anxiety and depression and the level of neurotransmitter before and after delivery in pregnant women. Methods: SAS and SDS were used to screen the pregnant women from three days after hospitalization before delivery to four days after delivery. The positive pregnant women were quantitatively analyzed by HAMA and HAMD. Twenty women in reproduction age were randomly chosen as controls. The level of neurotransmitter was tested and analyzed in some pregnant women. Results: The investigation revealed that the incidence of anxiety and depression in prenatal pregnant women was 38.34% , 12.44%, respectively. It was 14.36% and 5.85% respectively in postnatal pregnant women. Significant differences were found between prenatal data and postnatal ones after comparison (P<0.01 and P<0.05). It also showed that there were different levels of neurotransmitter (5-HT , NE, DA) in three groups (P<0.01). There was significance between the sedative temperament group and the disordered temperament group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Simple and efficient self-rating scales and evaluating scales should be offered to screen anxiety and depression properly in pregnant women. The measurement of neurotransmitter can be used as both biological subjective indicators in monitoring the two diseases stated above among puperperas and clinical reference.