关于动补结构“V死O”的来源

On the Formation of Verb-complement “V死O”

本文认为，“V死O”格式的形成是一种词汇兴替的结果。文章首先论证了六朝时期“V杀O”格式中的“杀”已由他动词变成表结果的自动词。由于“杀”的自动词化，“V杀O”由连动式变成了动补结构，因为动补结构“V杀O”中“杀”的词汇意义(失去生命)、语法属性(不及物)跟自动“死”相同，于是“死”进入“S施+Vt+杀(vi)+O”中“杀(vi)”的位置，便形成了“S施+Vt+死+O”格式。

This paper argues that the formation of the verb-co mplement structure “V死O” results from the process of lexical shift. Evidence presented in this paper demonstrates that verb “杀” used in “Vt+杀+O” has undergone a change from transitive verb to intransitive verb, “Vt+杀+O”, as a result, has changed from the serial verbs structure to the verb-complement str ucture in the Northern and Southern Dynasty. Because the lexical meaning and gra mmatical characteristics of verb “杀” used in the verb-complement structure “ Vt+杀+O” are the same with verb “死”, the latter, then, is used in the synt actic position of verb “杀” in “S+Vt+杀(Vi)+O”. Consequently, the struct ure “S+Vt+死+O” has emerged.