论汉语相互句中名词短语的语义特征

Semantic Properties in Chinese Reciprocal Constructions

本文考察汉语相互句中名词短语的语义特征。通过比较汉语和英文相互句中名词短语的多种解读，我们发现，汉语和英语的相互勾具有相同的语义特点：（1）该句型中的论无必须是复数名词短语；（2）该句型中的复数名词短语不可能指称总体，只能指称总体中的个体或一部分。因此，汉语和英语标志交互性的不同方式并不影响该句型的论元结构，也不影响该句型中名词短语的语义特征。

This paper examines Chinese reciprocal constructions,showing that plurality and distributivity aretwo common semantic properties that ecist in both Chinese and English.In particular, subjects of thereciprocal constructions must be plural,and yet,plural noun phrases can only be interpreted as dis-tributive rather than collective.We argue that in Chinese reciprocal sentences there is a null argumentafter a verb even though there is no overt object.This null argument must have a disjoint reference withthe plural subject,even though the referential content of variables in both subject and object positionscome from the same noun phrase which must undergo Quantifier Raising from an NP to an IP. We showthat the same semantic properties in both Chinese and English reciprocals are not affected by their dif-ferent ways of marking reciprocity