社会变革涉及的价值底线

The Normative Minimum of A Social Reform

社会变革的发动者最关心的往往是变革过程的可控性,从这里出发,我们可以建立一个理解此过程的“风险”的理论模型。但是,如果把可控性当作看待社会变革的原始出发点,是相当危险的,因为这样的视角很容易使人遗忘变革所涉及的价值底线问题。价值底线问题不能化约为变革后社会状况与变革前状况相比的优越性问题,也不能化约为多数人的利益问题,而是本身具有重大意义的道义问题。本文试图阐明以上的论点,并进而分析到底这些道义问题是什么。

The controlability of the process Of a social reform is often the central concern of the reformer,and from such a pojnt of view, we can establish a theoretieal model .for understanding the 'risk' ofthe reform. What this paper attempts to demon-stratp is that, however, taking the controlghility asthe primary concern to start .with is a dangerouSapproach, since the normative minimums pertain-ing to the social reform are easily ignored from such a standtoint. These mined ethical issues areindependent of issues of the relative desireabilty ofthe post -- reform social conditions or of majorityintereists, and thus deserve out attention on theirown right.