生活事件、社会支持及防御方式在精神分裂症发生中的作用

Role of life event,social support and defense style in the occurrence of schizophrenia

目的:从生活事件、社会支持和防御方式3个方面来探讨精神分裂症发生的个体易感素质和心理社会因素。方法:采用生活事件量表、社会支持调查表和防御方式问卷对45例首次发作的康复期精神分裂症患者进行测试,并与42名正常人做对照研究。结果:研究组的生活事件负性刺激量(23.58±16.37)和总刺激量(37.31±32.87)较高,社会支持总分(32.78±8.33)、客观支持分(9.94±3.16)、主观支持分(17.82±5.20)及支持利用度(5.02±1.98)得分明显较低,与对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(t=2.59～4.88,P<0.05～0.01);防御方式在不成熟(4.75±1.38)和神经症性(4.98±1.42)方面高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(t=3.44,2.88,P<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症的发生与负性生活事件、社会支持系统缺乏以及防御方式的不成熟和神经症性密切相关。

AIM:To explore the individual predisposition and psychosocial factors of the occurrence of schizophrenia from the aspects of life event,social support and defense style. METHODS:Forty five patients with first episode schizophrenia at the convalescent phase and 42 normal controls were tested with life event scale(LES),social support rating scale(SSRS) and defense style questionnaire(DSQ),and then the results were compared. RESULTS:In the study group, the negative stimulative score (23.58±16.37)and total stimulative score(37.31±32.87) of LES were higher,but the total score of social support(32.78±8.33),objective support score(9.94±3.16),subjective support score(17.82±5.20) and availability score(5.02±1.98) of SSRS were lower,significantly different from those in the control group (t=2.59 to 4.88,P < 0.05 to 0.01).The scores of immature defense styles(4.75±1.38) and neurotic defense styles(4.98±1.42) in the study group were higher than those in the control group (t=3.44,2.88,P< 0.01). CONCLUSION:The occurrence of schizophrenia is closely related with negative life events and the deficiency of the social support system, immature and neurotic defense styles.