钻孔与装药平行作业中的安全性研究

STUDY ON THE SAFETY IN PARALLEL OPERATION OF DRILLING AND CHARGING

隧道钻爆法掘进中,钻孔与装药平行作业可以缩短钻爆循环时间,加快隧道掘进速度,但要解决施工的安全问题。从炸药的热分解、热和冲击起爆理论方面,利用室内试验和有限元计算方法研究了凿岩因素引爆炸药的可能性。分析研究表明,只有钻孔与装药孔交叉,钻头直接钻到炸药,才有可能引爆炸药。因此,在同一工作面钻孔与装药平行作业时,只要装药区与钻孔区相隔2m以上,即使钻孔偏斜,也不会出现钻孔与装药孔交叉的现象,也就可以避免钻孔作业引爆炸药的危险性。

When using the drilling-and-blasting method for tunneling,parallel operation of drilling and charging can shorten drilling-and-blasting round,speeding up tunnel construction,but the safe problem must be solved.In the aspects of thermal decomposition,heat and percussion initiation of explosives,the possibilities of explosive detonation induced by drilling factors are studied by means of laboratory experiments and the finite element method.The results show that only under the circumstance of which a drilling hole crosses over a charged hole,the drill bit impacting directly to it,can the explosive be detonated.If the distance between drilling area and charging area is over 2 meters at the same face,no phenomena of which a drilling hole crosses over a charged hole would occur even if the drilling hole is deviated,thus avoiding the danger of which the explosion of charges in blastholes is induced by drilling.