民间金融的独特形式——合会

A Unique Nongovernmental Financial Form——Credit Cooperative

合会作为一种重要的民间金融形式 ,在中国有着悠久的发展历史 ,但国内学术界对于这种草根金融的关注甚微。本文通过对中国合会的实地调查 ,尤其以温州地区合会的发展为主线 ,介绍了合会的运行模式、种类、发展历史 ,并结合国外文献对合会的研究经验 ,概括了合会的特点、主要功能、存在的问题。随着中国加入WTO组织后对金融开放承诺期的临近 ,利率市场化改革应声而起 ,如何有效地引导和改造合会等民间金融也提上了日程 ,笔者希望通过本文的介绍 ,能够引起国内对这种草根金融的重视 ,从而加强对中国合会内部机理的研究 。

As an important nongovernmental financial form, the credit cooperative has a long history in China, in our academic circle, however, little attention has been paid to such a grass root financial institution. Through the on the spot investigation into China's credit cooperatives, especially with the development of the credit cooperatives in Wenzhou district, as paramount, this paper introduces the operating model, the kinds and the developing history of credit cooperatives, and integrating with the foreign research result, summarizes the features, main function of and the problems existing in the credit cooperatives. With the approaching of the financial opening up of China's guaranteeing period to the WTO, the interest rate marketization reform arising at the historical moment, how to lead and upgrade effectively the credit cooperative is being submitted to the agenda. The author of the paper hopes that the introduction will be able to be a brick to attract a jade, arousing the importance attached to such a grass root finance by the nation wide financial circles, thus strengthening the research on the internal mechanism for the China credit cooperatives, and laying the theoretical foundation for perfecting the regular financial system and offering amnesty and enlistment to the nongovernmental finance.