自我血糖监测仪器(SMBG)的性能及研制进展

Capability of SMBG instrument and its progress

糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌代谢病,血糖的监控对于糖尿病患者的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。特别是医师或者病人自身通过自我血糖监测仪器(selfmonitoringofbloodglucose,SMBG)进行监控是及时监测病情发展控制并发症的有效手段之一。目前,国内外研发生产SMBG血糖仪产品的公司众多,对于产品性能各执一词。故此,本文把市场上各个公司的产品大体上分为微创血糖检测仪、无创血糖检测仪、连续式血糖监测仪(continuousglucosemonitoringsys-tem,CGMS)3类进行详尽的论述和综合比较。其中,微创血糖检测仪技术相对成熟,多采用针刺式和激光采血方式,测量结果较为准确,但对患者而言仍然存在痛苦;无创血糖仪一般多采用反向离子分析法(ReverseIontophoresis)和光谱分析等方法,随着各方面技术的不断成熟,测量的准确程度已经大为提高;连续式血糖监测仪可连续几天自动定时测量、记录患者的血糖值,以帮助医师诊断和拟定治疗方案。

Diabetes is a vulgar malady of metabolism and incretion. It is important to monitor and control the blood glucose for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes. In particular, it is one of the most effective means for physicians or patients to do so through self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) instruments. In this paper, SMBG instruments are discussed in detail and classified as the minimally invasive one, the non-invasive one and the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS). The needle or laser applied to blood sampling, the technology of the minimally invasive one is relatively mature, and the result of measurement is exact, but this way is achy for the patients. Reverse iontophoresis and spectral analysis adopted, the non-invasive has an increasing accuracy. The CGMS can perform the periodical measurement and record of the value of blood glucose automatically for several days.