现代德语中英语外来词的构成及引入原因

Forms of Anglicisms in Modern German and the Reasons for their Introduction

由于经济、文化、语言等方面的原因,现代德语中很多领域引入了大量的英语外来词,其中计算机和广告领域使用最多。在英语外来词中,名词属于最大的一类,简单词一般仅大写英语单词词首第一个字母即可德语化,复合名词中往往会包含连字符,且多为临时性构词;动词一般由英语词干加上德语派生词词缀构成;形容词大多为直接借用词,需按德语语法规则变化其词尾。

Modern German has introduced a large number of anglicisms for economic, cultural, linguistic and other reasons. Most of these anglicisms are found in the fields of computer technology and advertisement. Substantives are the most important of these loanwords.Simple substantives come from English words whose first letters are capitalized. Compound substantives often contain hyphen and are mostly provisional. The loan verb is made up of an English stem and a German derivative affix while most of the loan adjectives are directly borrowed and need to have a termination.