农药及不同萌发因素对尖角突脐孢菌菌株X27分生孢子萌发的影响

Effect of Pesticides and Different Affecting Factors on Conidium Germination of Exserohilum monoceras Strain X27

试验采用平板表面萌发法测定了温度、pH值、光照、湿度及农药对尖角突脐菌菌株X27分生孢子萌发的影响。结果表明:尖角突脐孢菌其离体干燥贮藏在约4℃下至少18个月还能保持活性;分生孢子萌发的适宜温度范围为20～30℃,高于35℃或低于15℃,对分生孢子的萌发不利;分生孢子快速萌发的初始酸碱条件为pH4～7;适合该菌分生孢子萌发的相对湿度范围为80%～100%;光照不利于分生孢子快速萌发;低剂量敌稗使分生孢子开始萌发时间推迟4h,并使部分萌发的菌丝生长不良;丁草胺明显推迟分生孢子萌发时间;二氯喹啉酸和苄嘧磺隆对分生孢子的萌发影响不明显;用低剂量的多菌灵和代森锰锌处理,分生孢子至少24h内不萌发;稻瘟灵和恶霉灵混剂、三环唑推迟分生孢子开始萌发时间。

The virulence of the conidia could be maintained for more than 18 months when conidia were stored at about 4℃. For conidium germination, optimal temperature range was from 20℃ to 30℃, the optimal initial pH 4～7, and the humidity range from 80% to 100%, and conidia could germinate whether it was light or dark. Herbicides propanil and butachlor could significantly inhibited conidium germination and hyphal growth. But quinclorac and bensulfulfuron-methyl did not. Fungicides carbendazim and mancozeb seriously inhibited conidium germination, whereas tricylazole and coformulation of hymexazol plus isoprothiolane did not.