森林资源环境产权补偿机制构想

Compensation Mechanisms of Environmental Property-Rights of Forest Resources

森林资源具有环境属性和公共物品属性 ,森林资源的产权效能存在外溢 ,因此需要构建相应的补偿机制 ,以消除其外部性。该文阐述了森林资源环境产权补偿的理论依据、法律政策依据和实践依据 ;剖析了补偿资金的多种来源渠道 ;分析了补偿的四种途径 ,即对口补偿、政府统筹补偿、市场替代补偿和回避补偿 ;并指出目前可行的一些环境产权补偿方案 ,如补偿费附加或税费返还、财政预算补偿、一次性补偿等。文章最后提出了一些政策性建议 ,如完善产权补偿法规、加强科学研究。

Forest resources have the attribute of environment and that of public goods. Since the efficiency of their property rights overflows, it is necessary to construct some related compensation mechanisms to eliminate its externality. The paper expounds the theoretical, legal and practical bases of compensation mechanisms of environment property rights of forest resources, discusses the diversified sources of compensation funds, analyzes the four compensation methods (simple compensation, government planned compensation, market substitute compensation and evasive compensation), points out some feasible compensation schemes (fee added or tax return compensation, financial budget compensation, and noninstallment compensation), and puts forward some corresponding proposals such as improvement of regulations on property rights compensation, emphasis of scientific research, and further cooperation and co ordination, etc.