略谈翻译中的语用等效

On Pragmatic Equivalence in Translation

该文从语用含义和言语行为两个方面论述了语用等效的实质。语用含义是根据语境研究话语的真正含义 ,解释话语的言外之意。言语行为分为三种 :言之发、示言外之力和收言后之果 ,其中示言外之力是言语行为的核心。语用等效的实质就是传达出言外之意。该文进一步分析了由于言外因素及言内因素导致的翻译错误 ,提出语用等效翻译和交际语用等效翻译的实现途径 。

The paper addresses pragmatic equivalence from two aspects: pragmatic meaning and speech act. The pragmatic meaning is decided from the context by explaining the implied and suggested meaning of a discourse. The speech act is divided into three parts: locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act. Of which the illocutionary act is the core of the speech act. The essence of the pragmatic equivalence is to convey the meaning of illocutionary act. This paper further analyses two weak points existed in translation caused by failure in understanding the source language, and points out the methods that one can realize the pragmatic equivalence in translation. At last, this paper illustrates the important role that the pragmatic equivalence plays in the practice of translation.