相称性原则在欧共体法中的司法审查功能评介

On the Principle of Proportionality and Its Judicial Review Function in European Community Law

相称性原则基于正义的需要,着眼于目的与手段的关系以达到各种利益的均衡。广义的相称性原则产生于法治国家原则,被普遍遵守。它不仅约束行政,而且约束立法。作为欧共体法中的一项基本法律原则,相称性原则已成为欧洲共同体法院行使司法审查职能的一项颇为灵活的工具,经常被用来审查共同体或其成员国的举措在欧共体法律框架内的合法性。

Based on the needs of justice, the principle of proportionality aims to achieve the equilibrium of interests through studying the relationship between means and ends. As one of the general principles of European Community law, the European Court of Justice usually adopts this principle to examine whether community actions or national actions are consistent with the Community law. It has become a flexible tool of judicial review to the ECJ.