西安市大气沉积颗粒中铅的赋存状态及环境效应

Mode of occurrence and environmental effect of Pb in the atmosphere particulates of Xi′an

研究了西安市大气沉积颗粒物中铅元素的赋存状态,采用连续化学浸提萃取的方法进行实验室分析,结果表明,大气颗粒中铅含量与残渣态和铁锰结合态的铅含量的相关系数分别为0 977和0 747,铅元素在污染颗粒中主要以残渣态和铁-锰结合态存在,水溶态、交换态、有机质结合态存在的量虽然很少,但都以矿物质形式存在,这说明铅元素具有比较稳定、不易迁移和转化的特性,对周围环境和人体的危害比较持久.在治理措施上应及早遏制铅元素向环境中排放,以免其与灰尘发生相互作用而对环境造成长期的危害.

The sedimentary particles of the atmosphere in Xi′an are studied,based on the research of the trace element of modes ocurrence of Pb.The continuous chemistry extraction is carried out in experiments and analysis.It is indicated that the related coefficient between the content of Pb in atmosphere dust and the content of Pb in remnant and the combination state of Fe-Mn separately is 0.977 and 0.747,the state of Pb is remnant dregs and the combination state of Fe-Mn.Although there is less Pb in the dissolving state,exchanging state and the organic combination states exist in the form of mineral indicating that Pb is more stable,not easily migrated and transformed.So the harm from Pb for human beings and the enviromment lasts long.In order to reduce the harm to the least measurent must be taken to stop Pb discharge into environment,and avoid its harm in the interaction with dusts.