生态土壤深度处理系统启动周期的研究

Study on the Start-up Period of An Eco-Soil Advanced Treatment System

采用室内模拟试验装置,在2种实际工程用土和2种水力负荷条件下,考察了生态土壤深度处理系统对生活污水主要污染指标的去除效果及其各自的启动周期;同时对整个系统的启动周期的判断以及同类生态工艺的启动周期的判断方法做了初步探讨。研究结果表明:生态土壤深度处理系统的TP,CODCr和氨氮的去除启动周期分别为15～20,23～34和32～37d,系统的启动周期为37d左右。该系统属于非均匀混合型、多生态层次的生态处理工艺,其反应机理包括物理化学吸附作用、微生物生化作用和生态效应3类。启动周期完成的判断原则为:物理化学吸附作用是生化过程的结束;微生物生化作用是达到相应出水标准后稳定1周;高等植物的生态效应可以忽略,微生物生态系建立和稳定后的生态效应则视出水稳定达标情况而定,出水水质波动但达标的情况,即认为完成;反之,则达标稳定1周即认为完成。

An analog eco-soil advanced treatment system (ESATS) was conducted in lab scale to treat sewage under 2 hydraulic loading rates using 2 types of soil. The removal effects and start-up period performance were studied. Preliminary study on judgment of the start-up period of the ESATS and the methods of such judgment for similar technologies was also conducted. The experimental results showed that the start-up period for achieving a removal of TP,COD_(Cr) and NH_3-N were 15～20, 23～34 and 32～37 d, respectively. The start-up period of the whole system was about 37 d. The ESATS is one of the ecological treatment technologies with multilevel ecosystems and could be considered as an asymmetrical mixed reactor. The reaction mechanisms of such systems contain physical and chemical adsorption, biochemical and ecologic effect. The judgment of start-up of each mechanism is: the start-up of physical and chemical adsorption is considered as finished as soon as the completion of biochemical process; one week after the pollutant index of the effluent met the requirement of the standards, the start-up of biochemical effect is considered as completed. The ecologic effect of plants can be ignored. The ecologic effect resulted from micro-ecosystem establishment and stabilization depended on the quality of the effluent. If it could meet the requirement of the standards although fluctuated, the start-up of ecologic effect would be considered as finished; or one week after it met the standards.