蒋介石力阻美国将台湾问题“国际化”

JIANG Jie-shi's Resistance to American Attempts to Internationalize the Question of Taiwan

蒋介石退踞台湾期间,对于美国寻找各种机会使台湾问题“国际化”的企图,基本上采取抗拒的立场。具体表现在:在20世纪40年代末到50年代初期,针对美国叫嚣的“台湾地位未定论”,蒋介石通过对《开罗宣言》的反复重申,坚持了台湾是中国一部分的立场,维护了中国对台湾的主权地位;在50年代中后期两次台海危机中,蒋介石坚守金门、马祖这两个与大陆保持联系的纽带,拒绝美国以海峡为界,实现“划峡而治”、制造“两个中国”的图谋,并在一定程度上与大陆形成一种默契,共同抵制美国的分裂活动;从60年代开始,借恢复中国政府在联合国的席位、美国企图在联合国内部造成“一中一台”的既成事实,针对这种情况,包括台湾蒋介石当局在内的海峡两岸中国人,取得一定共识,即在国际社会只能有一个代表中国主权的中央政府,台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分,并共同挫败美国以联合国名义分裂中国的图谋。

After retreating to the Island of Taiwan, JIANG Jie-shi adopted the basic stand of resisting all the American attempts to internationalize the question of Taiwan. In the period from the late 1940s to the early 1950s, to counter the American clamor for the 'undetermined status of Taiwan,' JIANG affirmed once and again Cairo Declaration and insisted on the position that Taiwan is an integral part of China, thus maintaining the sovereignty of China over Taiwan. During the two Taiwan Straits crises in the middle and late 1950s, JIANG held fast to Jinmen and Mazu islands, the two links with the mainland, and refused the American demand to 'rule with the straits as the boundary' in its attempt to create 'two Chinas'. Meanwhile, a tacit agreement was reached to a degree between him and the mainland in their common endeavor to defeat the American splittist activities. Beginning from the 1960s, taking advantage of the restoration of the seat of the Chinese government in the UN, American government try to bring out a fait accompli 'one China and one Taiwan' within the United Nations, in accordance with this conditions, Chinese people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits, including the JIANG Jie-shi authorities in Taiwan, reached the common understanding that there should be only one central government representing the Chinese sovereignty and that Taiwan is an integral part of China in their common efforts to foil the American scheme to split China in the name of the United Nations.