核果类果树设施栽培的主要增产技术途径分析

An Analysis on Main Technical Approaches of Increasing Production of Drupe Fruit Tree Cultivation

以果树栽培的产量构成因素为依据,从花芽分化、坐果率、单果重3个方面阐述了核果类果树设施栽培的增产技术途径。概括了花芽形成的主要条件,提出了物理控制和化学控制的促花技术途径;通过对核果类果树的生理落果特点及原因的分析,从栽植方式、破休眠管理、授粉管理、环境调控、激素调节等10个方面提出了提高坐果率的技术措施;通过对单果重构成的分析,提出了在果实发育的第Ⅰ阶段设施内应保持相对较低的夜间温度等6项增加单果重的技术措施。

According to the yield composing formula of fruit of tree cultivation, the main technical approaches of increasing production of drupe fruit tree cultivation in facilities in flower bud differentiation, fruiting rate, single fruit weight are discussed. The main conditions of flower bud forming are described, the technical approaches of promoting flower bud forming are put forward. After analyzing physiological premature drop characteristics and cause, 10 technical approaches of exalting fruiting rate pointed out. By analyzing components of single fruit weight, 6 technical approaches of increasing single fruit weight are suggested.