从沙田柚皮中提取精油的工艺研究

Study of extracting technology of essential oil from Shatian shaddock peel

为了综合利用沙田柚皮,进行了从沙田柚果皮提取精油的研究,通过实验筛选,得到了柚皮精油提取的最佳工艺条件:采用石油醚为提取溶剂,m(石油醚)∶m(柚皮)=24∶1,回流提取两次,每次提取60min。提取液进行真空浓缩,得精油粗产品。往精油粗产品中加入乙醇溶解,放入-5℃冰箱中冷冻过夜,抽滤,滤液进行真空浓缩,即得精油,产率约196%,φ(精油)=992%。实验得到的柚皮精油为独特柚子香味的黄色油状液体,难溶于水,易溶于乙醇等有机溶剂,物理参数为:相对密度d^(20)_(20)=0857,旋光度为α=+97°,折光率n=14765。

Th extraction of essential oil from Shatian shaddock peel was studied for the purpose comprehensive utilization.The optimal extracting technology of essential oil from Shatian shaddock peel is obtained as follows:using petroleum ether as extracting solvent with the mass ratio of Shatian shaddock pell to petroleum ether 1∶24,extracting two times with reflux and each for 60 min.The extracted liquid was evaporated under vacuum to recover the solvent and to get raw essential oil.The raw essential oil was then dissolved with ethanol and cooled at-5℃over night.The solution was filtered and the filtrate further concentrated under vacuum.The yield of essential oil is about 1.96%with a purity of 99.2%.The product is yellow oily liquid,is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvent such as ethanol.The physical parameters of the essential oil are relative density(_d_20^(20))0.857,optical rotation(α)+97°,refracting index(n)1.4765.