汉中市810名技校学生营养状况及营养知识·态度·行为

Nutritional Status, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of 810 Technical School Students in Hanzhong City

目的 了解技校学生现时营养状况以及营养知识、态度、行为状况 ,以便为制订营养教育计划提供依据。方法 采用自制的营养知识、态度、行为调查问卷对陕西省汉中市某技校 81 0名学生进行调查 ,测查身高、体重 ,用身高标准体重法评价营养状况。结果该校学生营养不良率为 37.3% ,超重率为 3.0 % ,肥胖率为 1 .0 %。学生营养知识平均分数为 ( 1 1 .7± 3.1 )分 (总分为 2 0分 ) ,营养知识得分随学龄增高而增高 ;对中国居民膳食指南知晓率仅为 5.2 %。 2 7.0 %的学生不能保证每天吃早餐 ,且进食早餐者的早餐质量不佳 ;部分学生进食速度过快 ,经常吃油炸、熏烤食品。大部分学生有较好的营养态度 ,愿意通过多种途径获得营养知识。结论 该技校学生营养不良检出率较高 ,营养知识贫乏 ,且存在不良的饮食行为 。

ObjectiveTo understand nutritional status, kno wl edge, attitudes and practices of technical school students, and to provide basis for developing nutrition education program. MethodsEight hund red and ten students were surveyed in a technical school of Hanzhong city, Shanx i province, using a self-designed questionnaire regarding nutritional knowledge , attitudes and practices; their height, weight were measured; their nutritional status was evaluated by weight-for-height. ResultsThe preva lence rates of malnutrition, overweight and obesity were 37.3%, 3.0% and 1.0% re spectively. The mean score on nutritional knowledge for all students was 11.7±3 .1, with the full score being 20. Their nutrition knowl edge scores increased with age. Only 5.2% of students understood the Dietary Gui delines for Chinese, and 27% did not eat breakfast everyday. Foods in breakfast were nutritionally inadequate. Some of students ate too fast and some ate often fried, smoke-cured and roast foods. The majority of students had a positive att itude towards nutrition and they expressed a desire to acquire nutrition knowled ge through various channels. ConclusionStudents have higher pr evalence rate of malnutrition in the technical school surveyed; they do not poss ess adequate nutrition knowledge but possess unhealthy dietary practices. Nutrit ion education aimed at behavior modification is needed among technical school st udents.