基于全球区位论的城市发展研究:以江苏省南通市为例

THE RESEARCH ON URBAN DEVELOPMENT BASED ON GLOBAL LOCATION THEORY A CASE STUDY OF NANTONG CITY JIANGSU PROVINCE

区位论是关于经济组织空间优化的学问,随着时代的发展,传统的区位因子已经不能适应时代发展的需要。本文从传统的区位论入手,剖析经济全球化和科技信息革命背景下传统区位因子发生的变化,在此基础上提出并阐述全球区位因子。本文认为全球区位论对城市发展的意义在于可建立一系列相对标准,并据此寻求和建立城市发展的比较优势。作者认为城市的发展过程就是在全球城市网络体系中不断寻找比较优势,提高城市综合竞争力的过程,并认为跨国公司的区位选择印证了全球区位论对城市发展的影响。最后以江苏省南通市为例,探讨了全球区位论下南通城市发展的切入点应是利用靠近上海的区位优势,融入上海都市圈,实现"曲线救国",建造一个既适宜创业又适宜居住的城市,并从加强基础设施、培育优势产业、改善生态环境和社会环境等四个方面探讨了南通城市发展应采取的具体途径。

This paper starts with reviewing Traditional Location theory and particularly analyzes the changes of location factors under the new background of economic globalization and science & information revolution. Then it puts forward global location factors and explains them one by one. The authors think that there are seven main factors in global location theory, including ①transportation, communication and other infrastructure, ②science and technology, information and qualified personnel, ③economic system and the degree of marketability, ④social environment, ⑤environment, ⑥centralization and decentralization, ⑦geographical situation. On top of the introduction, the paper illuminates briefly the connection within the seven factors, and regards them as an entity with interaction and conditionality. Later the paper makes a probe into the effect that global location does on urban development. The meaning of global location is to press us to set up a series of relative criterions, look for the comparative predominance of urban development and make full use of it, so as to promote urban to find best and feasible way to boost its comprehensively competitive ability. The primary criterions include the following aspects. ①Urban status depends on the energy of its trade, finance, information and technology. ②Urban area should aim to advance its status indvantageous node of world urban network. ④The approaches to realize the aim are to improve its system environment, environment, human environment and to establish predominant industry and so on. Based on this, the paper considers that the process of urban development is the one that a city keeps on looking for synthetically location predominance in the global network of cities, so as to increase its integrative competitive ability. Besides, the authors think that the location selection of MNC confirms what the global location does on urban development. Furthermore, the paper makes a case study of Nantong city of Jiangsu province.