生态公益林外部性及激励政策的经济分析

Economics Analysis on "Market Failure" of Ecological and Public Benefit Forest and Correcting Policies

从经济人角度对生态公益林的外部性及"市场失灵"、政府补贴、政府补贴和减免税费共同效应进行简要分析,得出政府补贴以及政府补贴和减免税费双管齐下的政策都能使生态效应外部性内在化,纠正生态公益林"市场失灵",并提出加快生态公益林建设的5点建议:为生态公益林生态效应补偿筹集资金、制定合理的补贴标准、赋予经营者排他性使用权、减免税费以及通过市场解决生态公益林"市场失灵"问题.

Externalities of ecological and public benefit forest, the mixed policy of governance subsidy and decreasing tax are briefly discussed in the paper from the view point of economic-man, then draw a conclusion that both governance subsidy and the mixed policy can internalize the externalities, and correct 'market failure',at the same time, put forward five suggestions-Financing for value compensation of public benefit forest, making reasonable compensation norm, giving manager exclusive right of production , decreasing tax and employing market to correct 'market failure'.