拮抗细菌对部分水果产后病原真菌的抑制及防腐作用

Inhibition of Antagonistic Bacteria to Postharvest Fungal Pathogens of Some Fruits and Their Control of Fruit Rots

研究了桔抗细菌即地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)W10和多粘类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacilluspolymyxa)W3、Y2对苹果轮纹病菌、柑桔炭疽病菌和柑桔青霉病菌的抑制作用。结果表明,拮抗细菌对病菌菌丝生长、产孢和芽管伸长均有显著的抑制作用,其中W10菌株抑菌作用最强。显微镜观察显示,车抗细菌可引起病菌菌丝异常,即菌丝扭曲,菌丝细胞畸形,菌丝颜色变淡,菌丝断裂离解等。离体果实接种试验表明,菌株W10能明显推迟水果发病,降低果腐率,抑制病斑扩展。

Antagonistic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis W10, Paenibacillus polymyxa W3 and Y2 could significantly inhibit the pathogens of apple ring rot (Physalospora piricola ) , citrus anthracnose ( Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and citrus blue mold (Penicillium italicum) . The antagonistic strains exerted evident influence on the mycelial growth, conidial production and germ tube stretch of the pathogenic fungi. Among them, strain W10 had the highest inhibition. The microscopical observation showed that the hyphae became tortuous, malformed, thin and disintegrated after the treatment of antagonistic bacteria. When antagonist W10 and the pathogenic fungi were inoculated on healthy fruits, the fruit rot was obviously put off and decreased, and the spot spread was inhibited.