土地利用/土地覆盖变化与土壤侵蚀关系研究进展

Advances of Researches on Relationship Between LUCC and Soil Erosion

土壤侵蚀作为LUCC引起的主要环境效应之一,是自然和人为因素叠加的结果。不合理的土地利用和地表植被覆盖的减少对土壤侵蚀具有放大效应。土地利用/土地覆盖变化与土壤侵蚀关系的研究已逐渐成为LUCC研究和土壤侵蚀研究的一项新的重要课题。目前,涉及土地利用/土地覆盖的土壤侵蚀研究方法有很多,本文介绍了基于模型的定量研究、基于GIS和RS的研究、基于放射性同位素的研究以及基于湖泊(水库)沉积物的研究的基本原理与研究进展,同时指出了每种方法中存在的不足。

Soil erosion,as a major environmental effect caused by Land use/Land cover changes(LUCC),is the result of both natural and human factors.Unreasonable land use and decrease of vegetation cover may have amplified soil erosion in some extent.The relationship between LUCC and soil erosion has been an important project in the whole world.At present,there are many approaches to soil erosion regarding LUCC.In this paper,the author introduced four kinds of present studies on the relationship between soil erosion and LUCC.Those are:quantitative studies based on soil erosion models,such as USLE、WEPP and LISEM;studies by GIS and RS techniques,which is,in fact,a process intersecting the distribution of soil erosion in a given period with the regarding land use/land cover map;studies by radioactive fallout,which are mainly used to estimate soil erosion of sloping fields and land plot in different use;studies through investigation of lake and reservoir sediment,which is a newly emerged method in the study of the relationship between soil erosion and land use/land cover changes.It is a method adapted to such related studies on watershed scale.The author introduced basic principles and developments of each method,and the advantages and shortcomings as well.In the end,the author presented that the studies based on investigation of lake and reservoir sediment are of representative meaning.In further studies,it also can well integrate other approaches to carry out more deep studies on watershed scale.