指甲扩大术的解剖学基础

Anatomic measurement of lengthening nail-bed

目的 :为指甲扩大术提供解剖学依据。方法 :在 2 0例 40只手标本上 ,对甲床 (甲根及甲体 )进行解剖学测量。结果 :国人指甲长度 :男性 :拇指 19.1mm ,示指 17.6mm ,中指 17.5mm ,环指 17.0mm ,小指 16.0mm ;女性 :拇指 18.3mm ,示指 16.0mm ,中指 16.1mm ,环指 15 .7mm ,小指 14 .9mm ;左右两侧指甲长度无明显差异 ;男女指甲长度有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1) ,男性指甲平均长 17.0～ 2 0 .8mm ,女性指甲平均长 15 .8～ 19.4mm。国人甲根平均长度男性拇指 5 .1mm ,示指 4.6mm ,中指 4.9mm ,环指 4.7mm ,小指 5 .0mm ;女性 :拇指 4.4mm ,示指 4.6mm ,中指 5 .0mm ,环指 4.8mm ,小指 4.5mm ;甲体平均长度 :男性 :拇指 15 .6mm ,示指 14 .0mm ,中指 13 .6mm ,环指 13 .3mm ,小指 12 .1mm ;女性 :拇指 14 .9mm ,示指 12 .4mm ,中指 12 .1mm ,环指 11.9mm ,小指 11.4mm ;结论 :甲皱襞内有甲根 4～ 6mm ,占指甲长度 2 2 % ,应用指甲扩大术可改善过小指甲的外观及功能。

Objective: To provide anatomic data for lengthening nail bed. Methods: The nail body, nail root and nail bed were measured on 20 Chinese adult finger specimens (female 10 ,male 10 , 200 fingers in all). Result: The average lengths of each nail bed is 19.1, 17.6, 17.5, 17.0, 16.0 mm from thumb to little finger on male, and 18.3, 16.0, 16.1, 15.7, 14.9 mm on female. .There were very significant sex difference( P <0.01), but no side difference in length of nail bed. The nail bed length of female and male are 15.8～19.4 mm and 17.0～20.8 mm on average. The average length of each nail root is 5.1, 4.6, 4.9, 4.7, 5.0 mm on male, and 4.4, 4.6, 5.0, 4.8, 4.5 mm on female. The average length of each nail body is 15.6, 14.0, 13.6, 13.3, 12.1 mm on male, and 14.9, 12.4, 12.1, 11.9, 11.4 mm on female. Conclusion: The length of each nail-root under epoaychinm was 4～6 mm, which was 22 percent of nail bed length. Lengthening nail bed improved the appearance and function of injured nail.