诱导的人骨髓间充质干细胞在裸鼠体内生成软骨的实验研究

In vivo chondrogenesis of induced human marrow mesenchymal stem cells in nude mice

目的探讨利用组织工程方法,将人骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)在体外诱导、培养后,再造软骨组织的可能性。方法从胸外科手术所获得的肋骨骨髓腔中分离得到人MSCs,经无血清培养基诱导培养为软骨细胞,接种于支架材料上,埋植于裸鼠体内,6周后取材进行大体及组织学观察。结果大体观察见裸鼠皮下形成包块,触之有韧性;组织学观察可见有大量软骨细胞成堆形成,但尚有部分未降解的支架材料残留。结论人MSCs在体外经定向诱导后成为软骨细胞,与支架材料复合物可在裸鼠体内形成软骨组织;人MSCs可能成为组织工程软骨的“种子细胞”。

Objective To investigate the feasibility of generating cartilage tissues from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured and induced in vitro using tissue engineering technique. Methods Human bone marrow MSCs were isolated from the ribs of patients receiving chest surgeries and induced into cartilage cells in serum culture-free medium. The cells were then seeded on perchloroethylene (PCE) as the scaffold material for the formation of cell-PCE composite, which was implanted under the dorsal skin of nude mice. Specimens of the implants were harvested 6 weeks after implantation and subjected to gross morphological observation and histological examination. Results Gross observation showed subcutaneous lump with considerable tenacity, and histologically, large amount of cartilage cells in clusters were seen to have evolved, in the presence of some scaffold material failing to be degraded, indicating that cartilage formation from the MSCs occurred approximately 6 weeks after the implantation of the induced MSCs. Conclusion Human MSCs can be induced into chondrocytes in vitro, and the MSC-PCE composite possesses the potential to develop into cartilage in nude mice. Human MSCs can therefore be used as the seed cells to construct tissue-engineered cartilage.