新时期住宅户型构思设计的“个性”探讨

Discussion on conception of individuality and design of new-period apartment

详细分析住户的家庭个性和共性的形成因素:当前中国存在的家庭模式有传统核心家庭(三口之家)、多代居型、DINK型、SOHO型、单身贵族型等,每个家庭因职业特征、生活方式、经济条件和文化素质等差异形成各自的个性,建筑师要依据不同的差异,将各具特色的生活实态反映到住宅设计中.其次,是住宅的共性,失去共性便会失去规律和秩序,造成形式上的杂乱无章.住宅设计源自于居民的生活,对于建筑师而言,住宅设计的方法应当是逐步走向开放,即用户参与的交互式过程,单靠建筑师闭门造车是绝不可能满足广大居民的不同需要,设计目标应是根据住户需要安排的弹性空间.

The factors that form individuality and common characteristics of household are analyzed in detail. Nowadays the styles of family in China are:traditional cure family (three people family),many generations family, DINK family, SOHO family,and single nobleman family, etc. Each family forms its own individuality because of some differences just as professional feature,life style,economic condition, and cultural quality, etc. Architects' design of apartment should reflect various actual life situation based on these differences. Then, losing common characteristic will become losing rules and order and then cause the mess of form. Inhabitants' life is the source of apartment designing and it should be gradually going to an open way an alternative procedure of consumers' participation. It can not meet so many inhabitants' different needs absolutely if the architect divorces himself from reality and acts blindly. The aim of design should be the elastic space based on consumers' needs.