大口鲇捕食行为感觉作用的研究

Sense utilization of feeding behavior in southern sheatfish (Silurus meriordinalis)

在实验室条件下,通过特定感官消除或抑制和单一感官刺激方法,研究了大口鲇Silurusmeri ordinalis捕食行为中几种相关感觉的作用及其相互关系。结果表明,大口鲇主要依靠侧线和触须捕食,皮肤具有部分感觉作用。大口鲇侧线和触须主要对猎物的低频振动起反应,触须对静止的鲜饵料鱼有中等强度的反应。味觉在食物吞咽过程中起很大作用,视觉和嗅觉在捕食中的作用不大,猎物的形状不影响大口鲇的捕食。由于大口鲇对静止的鲜饵料鱼有中等强度的攻击反应和吞食行为,因此,只要经过适当的驯化,大口鲇可以摄食人工饲料,但一般拒食臭饵料鱼。

The sense utilization of feeding behavior of southern sheatfish(Silurus meriordinalis Chen) was investigated under laboratory conditions by selective elimination or inhibition of eyes, lateral lines, barbells and noses. The results showed that southern sheatfish searched for and found preys mainly by means of its lateral line and barbells, partly depending on its skin sense. Both lateral line and barbells were the most important sense organs for feeding. The lateral line and barbells of southern sheatfish could respond primarily to artificial preys vibrating at a low frequency (below 10 Hz). The barbells could respond to still fresh dead fishes with meso-intensity. The taste sense plays an important part in the process of prey swallowing, while both smell sense and eyes take little role in the process of feeding in southern sheatfish. The shapes of preys did not affect the feeding of southern sheatfish which could feed artificial feed after being properly trained because it could attack and swallow still fresh dead fishes with meso-intensity, but it generally rejected decayed fishes.