摘要
通过秸秆全量直接还田两年定点试验研究,证实秸秆全量直接还田配合常规施肥对水稻的分蘖,大麦的出苗率均未造成负面影响,并能提高土壤肥力,其有机质含量由试验前的4.23%提高到4.38%,速效钾、速效磷的水平由试验前的83mg/kg、6.9mg/kg增加到110.2mg/kg和11.7mg/kg、全氮由0.205%上升到0.229%、碱解氮则净增了25.5mg/kg。优化了农田生态环境,杂草发生率大大降低,无论从株防效还是鲜重防效看杂草均减少了约三分之二;全量还田缩小了麦田耕层(0～20cm)冬季最高温与最低温的差,最低温时全量还田要比对照高出1～2.5℃,最高温时则比对照要低1～3℃,耕层土壤的的含水量全量还田比对照高1.5%～3%;秸秆全量还田促进了作物产量的提高。
Two years field experiments on application of total crop straw return were carried out. Results showed that rice tillering and barley seeding ratio was not apparently influenced by application of total crop straw return combined with normal fertilization. The level of soil fertility was increased, the organic matter content was increased from the previous 4.23% to 4.38%, readily available P and K from 83 mg/kg and 6.9 mg/kg to 110.2 mg/kg and 11.7 mg/kg respectively, total nitrogen from 0.205% to 0.229%, whereas the net increase of available nitrogen was 25.5 mg/kg. Field ecological environment was considerably improved .Weed incidence rate was decreased by 2/3 or so. In winter, the gap between maximum temperature to minimum temperature in 0-20 cm depth of soil was lessened effectively. Under the condition of total crop straw return treatment the minimum soil temperature was 1-2.5 ℃ higher than that of the control and the maximum temperature was 1-3 ℃ lower. The water content in silt loam soil for the total crop straw return treatment was 1.5%-3% higher than that for the control. The crop yield was enhanced by application of total crop straw return.
基金
浙江省科学技术计划(重点)资助项目(991102452).
