中国传统对外观念对早期现代化的影响

The Influence of Chinese Traditional External Idea on Early Modernization of China

人类文明的产生是多元的。工业革命前 ,在相对封闭的环境里 ,中国形成了带有强烈“自我中心”色彩的对外观念 ,诸如“中国中心”的地理观、华尊夷卑的文化观、封闭自足的经济观、“六合之外 ,圣人存而不论”的对外认知观念等。这种传统的对外观念体系在地理大发现、西力东侵 ,人类文明格局剧变的形势下 ,障碍了国人对世界的理性认识 ,影响了传统世界秩序观的解体和近代世界秩序观的形成 ,淡化了国人的危机意识 ,延缓了清王朝近代外交观念的产生 ,对中国早期现代化的启动发轫产生了巨大的滞阻效应。

Human civilization has multi-sources. Before the industrial revolution, China formed its traditional external idea that was endowed with strong egotistic color in relatively closed environment, it is mainly embodied in the theories' such as China is the center of the world' and 'China is superior while the others are inferior ', and 'The products of the Heavenly Kingdom are plentiful and abundant' etc. After the Great Discoveries , the Western force invaded into the East ,and the structure of human civilization changed tremendously .Under such circumstances, this traditional external concept system prevented the countrymen from knowing the world rationally,affected the disorganization of the view of the old world order and the formation of the modern view of the new world order in modern times ,weakened the crises consciousness of the countrymen and postponed the emergence and formation of the diplomacy view of the Qing dynasty. All these obstructed the starting of early modernization of China greatly.