交往情景下个体对说谎的理解及其道德评价

UNDERSTANDING CONCEPTS AND MORAL EVALUATIONS OF WHITE-LIE AND TRUTH-TELLING

研究探讨了个体理解交往情景下说谎 /说真话概念及其道德评价上的年龄差异 ,以及事实成份、交往动机与交往情景因素在其中的作用。结果表明 :(1) 3岁到 4岁是说谎概念理解的转折点 ;(2 )除 3岁儿童外 ,大部分被试依据事实成份来理解谎言 /真话 ;(3)从小学开始 ,随着年龄的增长 ,个体对“白谎”与直率真话的道德评价中越来越多地考虑到交往动机或情景因素。

The current study examined age differences in the participants' concept and moral evaluations of lying and truth telling. Three , 4 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 year olds, students from secondary school, and undergraduates were read scenarios about scenario characters making truthful or false statements in various conditions, and were asked to determine whether the characters lied and to make moral judgements on their statements. Results showed that: 1) most 4 year olds had ability to understand the concept of white lie and truth telling, while almost all 3 year olds could not. 2) all participants, except the 3 year olds, mainly relied on factuality to determine whether a statement was a lie;3) from primary school, the older the participants were, the more effect of communicative motivation or setting factors on the moral evaluation on different kinds of lie and truth telling had.