中小学生惯用语理解发展的研究

Study on the Development of Understanding of Idioms of Primary School Pupils and Middle School Students

对惯用语理解的发展 ,是儿童语言发展的重要方面。本研究结果表明 ,在无语境条件下 ,中小学生对惯用语的理解年级差异显著 ,小学生和中学生差异较大 ,而小学和中学各年级内部差异不显著。学生对惯用语是先理解字面意义 ,再理解比喻意义。在有语境条件下 ,不同年级学生对惯用语的理解差异显著 ,惯用语语义倾向性的影响不显著 ,但语境对学生惯用语理解有重要影响 ,高年级学生能更好地利用语境。

The study explored the development of understanding of idioms of primary school pupils and middle school students.The results showed that there weren't significant differences among the scores of different grades within primary school pupils and among the scores of different grades within middle school students under no context condition,but notable differences were found between the scores of primary school pupils and that of middle school students.The children comprehended the literal meaning of idioms first and then comprehended the metaphor meaning.Under contextual condition,there were significant differences among the understanding scores of different grades of pupils and students,and the contexts had important effects on children' understanding.The high grade subjects could use context better than low grade subjects.