邓小平农村剩余劳动力转移的思想及其现实意义

Deng Xiaoping's Thought about Shift of Surplus Labor Force in the Countryside and its Practical Significance

邓小平认为,现代化的生产需要较少的人,这是农村剩余劳动力产生的一般原因;而人多、地少,特别是农村人口占全国总人口的80%,这是中国农村劳动力剩余的特殊原因,为此,要建设大批以乡镇企业为依托的小型新型乡镇,就地消化劳动力。依据邓小平农村剩余劳动力转移的思想,就要发展劳动密集型农业,建设以乡镇企业为依托的小城镇,加大对农村人力资本的投资,加大财政支持力度,消除对农民的就业“歧视”,制定向农村和农民倾斜的政策,从而更多地吸收农村剩余劳动力。

Deng Xiaoping holds that the general reason for the surplus force in the countryside is that fewer people are needed in modern production,and that the special reason for the surplus labor force in China's countryside is that we have more people than needed for the land,the population in the countryside being80%of the whole.Therefore,we should set up a lot of small new villages and townships based on village and township enterprises so as to solve the problem of surplus labor force on the spot.According to Deng Xiaoping's thought about the shift of surplus labour force in the countryside,we should develop agriculture of intensive labor,construct small towns based on village and township enterprises,increase the investment to human capital in the countryside,increase the dynamics of financial support,eliminate prejudice against farmers'employment,formulate policies in favor of the countryside and farmers,thus absorbing more surplus labor force in the countryside.