中国前陆盆地特征及含油气远景分析

Characteristics of China’s Foreland Basins and Analysis of Oil and Gas Prospect

中国前陆盆地勘探成为可持续发展战略选区之一。作者在20 多年来研究中国板块和大陆构造演化的角度,结合近10年来前人研究成果,从前陆盆地油气勘探现状、中国前陆盆地形成的地质构造背景和动力学机制进行分析,总结出中国前陆盆地特征,并与国外前陆盆地对比,从而提出“中国型前陆盆地”名称的建议;它在烃源岩类型、盆地结构中的含油气性和成藏期次等方面,均有很大的不同。综合分析了中国前陆盆地成藏条件,依据烃源层多少、稳定大陆边缘海相烃源层保存条件、盆地变形期早晚、盆地规模大小和勘探现状等因素,把中国15个前陆盆地含油气远景分为有利、较有利和有远景三类,供勘探决策者参考,并提出中国前陆盆地研究中存在 5 个关键问题。

China’s foreland basins are one of the selected exploration zones for the sustainable development strategy. Based on China plate and the continental structural development, the authors summarize the characteristics of China’s foreland basins according to the present situation of the oil and gas exploration of the foreland basins and the geological structural background for formation of China’s foreland basins as well as the analysis of dynamic mechanism. They come up with the name of “the foreland basins of China type” on the basis of comparison with the foreland basins in foreign countries. China’s foreland basin is quite different in terms of hydrocarbon source rock type, the oil and gas property of the basin structure and the stages and times for oil and gas migration and accumulation. The oil and gas prospect of China’s 15 foreland basins are divided into the favorable, relatively favorable and prospective categories on the basis of integrated analysis of such factors as the reservoir formation conditions for China’s foreland basins, the amount of the hydrocarbons layers, the storage conditions for stable continental peripheral hydrocarbon source rock layers of marine facies, the time for basin deformation stages, the size of basins and the present exploration situation. They come up with five key issues existing in the study of China’s foreland basins in the attempt to provide the reference for the people in charge of exploration to make decisions.