对20世纪70年代中后期Walker环流异常减弱的分析被引量：5

The Weakening of the Walker CirculationAfter the Late 1970s

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摘要 20世纪 70年代中后期以后 ,位于达尔文岛的观测海平面气压值 (SLP)不断升高 ,而位于塔西提岛的观测SLP不断下降 ,形成了在年代际尺度上最弱的热带太平洋东西向环流 ,即Walker环流。 70年代中后期以后 ,在Walker环流不断减弱的同时 ,亚洲夏季风也在减弱。通过对海平面气压场的长期变化特征分析 ,我们发现 2 0世纪 70年代中期以后 ,副热带西太平洋 (2 0～ 30°N ,1 30～ 1 50°E)的SLP不断下降 ,与不断上升的热带西太平洋(1 0°S～ 0° ,1 30～ 1 50°E)SLP形成了一个在年代际尺度上的反相关震荡型。这个负SLP距平与江淮流域的对流上升运动相对应 ,造成了中国地区夏季江淮流域降水增加而华北降水减少的格局。 Based on the observational sea surface pressure(SLP) data(1866～2002), it was found that the SLP at Darwin keeps on increasing and that at Tahiti decreasing from the late 1970s. This phenomenon indicates the significant weakening of tropical Walker Circulation. In the same period, the intensity of Asian summer monsoon becomes weakening too. Depending on the composite analysis from 1978 to 1997(1958～1977), the summer precipitation is upon(below) normal at the Yangtze River valley, and below(upon) normal at the central China and southern China. This distribution of precipitation over China is related to the weakening(strengthening) of Walker Circulation. After the late 1970s, while the SLP over tropical western Pacific (10°S～0°,130～150°E) keeps on increasing, that over subtropical western Pacific area(20～30°N,130～150°E) keeps on decreasing at the same time. The decreasing of SLP over subtropical western Pacific area is related to the strengthening of convective activities at the Yangtze River valley.

作者艾丽坤

机构地区中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室

出处《气候与环境研究》 CSCD 2004年第2期303-315,共13页 Climatic and Environmental Research

基金国家重点基础研究发展规划项目G1999043400 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目KZCX3SW218共同资助

关键词环流异常东亚季风海平面气压年代际变化 Walker Circulation east Asian monsoon sea surface pressure interdecadal variability

分类号 P448 [天文地球—大气科学及气象学]

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