万吨磷酸储罐的设计技术与经济分析

Design Techniques and Economic Analysis for 10 kt Phosphoric Acid Storage Tank

按照我国现行有关标准 ,对2 80 0 0mm× 15 70 0mm磷酸储罐进行了碳钢壳体设计、风载荷作用下罐壁稳定性校核及地震载荷作用下储罐抗震的校核等设计计算 ,并与外方按美国石油学会标准API 6 5 0《钢制焊接储油罐》计算结果进行了经济效果比较 ,评析其产生较大差距的原因 ,说明罐壁板设计是决定万吨磷酸储罐经济性的一个主要因素。为此 ,采用国产的Q2 35 -A钢材作为储罐材料 ,以API 6 5 0中罐壁板的设计计算方法进行验算 ,结果证实这种设计方法既满足了经济性的要求 ,同时也满足了其他方面的要求。大型储罐底板设计及其刚度、强度的校核在我国尚无明确的且经济合理的设计计算方法 ,结合土建基础和罐底板加强等提出了设计计算模式 ,并用此计算模式进行了计算。该计算模式在国内大型硫酸及磷复肥工程设计中被采用已有六年 。

Design calculations are done in accordance with relative Chinese standards in effect for the carbon steel shell design,tank wall stability check under wind load and tank earthquake-proof check under seismic load,etc.,for the 28 000 mm×15 700 mm phosphoric acid storage tank,and economic effect comparisons are made with the calculation results by the foreign client made in accordance with API 650,Steel Welded Oil Storage Tanks.Analyses of reasons for large differences show the tank wall plate design is a key factor for the cost-effectiveness of the 10 kt phosphoric acid storage tank.Therefore,by using the domestic Q235-A steel as the material for the storage tank,and checked with the design and calculation method for the tank wall plate in API 650,the results show that the design method can meet the requirements for cost-effectiveness and also the requirements in other aspects.For the moment,specific,cost-effective and reasonable design and calculation methods are not available in China for the check of bottom plate design and its rigidity and strength for large storage tanks.The design and calculation mode is proposed in conjunction with the civil foundation and tank bottom plate reinforcing,and calculation is done using the calculation mode.Such calculation mode is used with satisfactory effect in China for six years in the engineering design for large-scaled sulfuric acid and phosphate compound fertilizers.