精神医学鉴定中社会能力评估的意义与方法

The Assessment of Social Competence in the Forensic Psychiatric Cases

在精神医学鉴定中 ,经常涉及到对被鉴定人的能力损伤及其程度的评估问题。社会能力是反映个体能力水平高低的重要因素之一。各种原因所导致的智力损伤可能没有达到智力缺陷的程度 ,但社会功能却有明显受损。因此 ,在评估能力损伤时不仅要评定个体的智力商数 ,还应该评估其社会能力 ,并对个体损伤前后的智力和社会能力进行对比分析。目前 ,我国尚无公认的能客观反映损伤前后社会能力的评估工具。本文复习了社会能力的概念、内涵、评估的意义和现有的方法 ,并提出了社会能力评估中尚存在的困难和研究趋势。

In forensic psychiatry,the intelligence impairment of many cases with compensable head injuries needs to be assessed.Social competence is one of the important factors of intelligence ability.It is possible that the patients with a head injury may not have significant deficit of intelligence quotient(IQ),but have significant impairment of social competence.Therefore for those cases,not only IQ but also social competence should be assessed,particularly the comparison of intelligence ability between pre-injury and post-injury.However there was no assessment battery of social competence for pre-injury so far .The author reviewed the published literatures about the concept and connotation of social competence and the methods of assessment.