试论《管子》的哲学思想对祖国医学的影响

A discussion on influence of philosophical idea of Guan Zi on TCM

《管子》一书 ,内容广博 ,思想深刻 ,诸子之中 ,倍受瞩目。探讨其哲学思想对祖国医学的影响 ,可认为在阴阳观方面 ,《管子》是继老子首先将阴阳概念哲学化后 ,较早地将其升华为自然界的普遍规律 ,并较为系统地阐述两者之间的关系 ,即尚阳思想、阴能制阳和阴阳的相对性。它首创了“精气说” ,从本体论的意义上阐明了大自然与生命的物质性。然而 ,它又将精神与精气混为一谈 ,无法抹去“形神一元论”的原始色彩。在养生观点上 ,它强调的是主体的修养 ,从“虚”、“一”、“静”、“因”四个方面加以具体体现。

Guan Zi has substantial content and deep idea, being paid great attention among the various ancient schools of thought. After discussing the influence of its philosophical idea on TCM, it can be concluded that Guan Zi raised Yin Yan concept to a natural law earlier after Lao Zi first philosophized it. Meanwhile discussed the relationship between Yin and Yang systematically such as respecting Yang, Yang can control Yin, and relativity of Yin and Yang. It first set up Jing -Qi Theory, discussing materiality of the Nature and life from the sense of ontology. But it confused Jing Shen and Jing Qi, and could not weep the primitive color of Xing-Shen Monism. It emphasized on self-cultivation and embodied Xu ( voidness ), Yi (unity ), Jing (tranquility ) and Yin ( cause ) on preserving health.