金鱼单尾鳍形成的研究 Ⅲ.聚乙二醇和紫外线对尾鳍发育的影响

STUDIES ON THE FORMATION OF SINGLE CAUDAL FIN IN THE GOLDFISH, CARASSIUS AURATUS Ⅲ. THE EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENEGLYCOL AND ULTRAVIOLET RAYS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CAUDAL FIN

于1984—1985年应用PEG(聚乙二醇)浸泡不同发育时期的金鱼卵子,运用UV(紫外线)辐射卵子植物性半球卵质,进行尾鳍发育实验。结果表明,两种处理方法均可以导致双尾鳍金鱼变成单尾鳍鱼。在5％—18％PEG溶液中浸泡96h,单尾鳍形成率为16％—83.3％;UV辐射10—20min,单尾形成率为40％—66.7％。作者认为,是PEG和UV影响卵子中某些细胞质而诱导金鱼产生单尾鳍的。为此,可以提出一个假说,即金鱼卵子中存着一种调控物质,这种物质一旦被损伤、切除,便导致单尾鳍的形成。此种物质位于植物性半球之中,它随着胚胎的发育而流向胚盘。实验表明,性状的表达为细胞质所控制。

In 1984-1985 to induced the formation of a single (instead of the double) fin in this gold fish was achieved by immersing different embryo stage eggs in PEG (polyethyleneglycol) solution or by irradiating the cytoplasm along the plane of the vegetal pole with UV (ultraviolet rays). The formation rate of the single caudal fin goldfish was 16%-83.3% in 96 h by immersion in 5%-18% PEG solution and was 40%-66.7% in 10-20 min by UV irradiation. If the eggs at different embryo stages after the gustrula stage were immersed in PEG solution, they could not develop into single caudal fin goldfish. Only a few single fin fish resulted from UV irradiation after 16-cell stage.Ir is supposed that PEG and UV affect the cytoplasm but not the nucleus or the properties of the egg's surface. The result of the present and previous works suggest the hypothesis that some regulatory substance controlling the double caudal fin formation exists in the cytoplasm of the vegetal yolk sac area. If it was destroyed by chemical or physical treatment or moved by cutting the egg cytoplasm, the eggs would develop into single caudal fin fish.