内部动机、外部动机与创造力的关系研究

The relationship of Intrinsic Motivation and Extrinsic Motivation to Creativity

本研究以 2 77名文科三、四年级的大学生为被试 ,综合考察在故事、连线和命名任务下 ,内部动机 ,外部动机对创造力表现的影响。多变量方差分析发现 ,对于三个测验的共同部分 ,内部动机和外部动机的主效应均显著 ,但交互作用不显著。分别对每个任务进行方差分析发现 ,对于连线任务而言 ,内部动机和外部动机的主效应均显著 ;对于命名任务而言 ,外部动机的主效应显著 ,内部动机的主效应不显著 ;对于故事任务而言 ,内部动机和外部动机的主效应不显著。内部动机与外部动机之间在三个任务中均不存在显著的交互作用。多重回归分析发现 ,对于不同的任务 ,内部动机与外部动机的贡献显著不同。

The relation between motivation and creativity has long been viewed as one of the important area in creativity research. In the present study, We explored the relationship and the unique contribution of intrinsic notivation, extrinsic motivation to creativity in the undergraduate students. Need for cognition Scale was administrated to 277 senior and undergraduate students major in social science. Multiple analysis of variance(MANOVA)showed that the main effects of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation were both significant for the common part of the three creativity tasks, but their interaction was not significant. Further analysis indicated that there were no significant interaction between intrinsic notivation and extrinsic motivation in all three creative tasks. There were significant main effects of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in connection task. As for the naming task, the main effect of extrinxic motivation was significant while that of intrinsic motivation was not.As for the story task, neither of the main effects of intrinsic and extrinsic was significant. Hierarchical Multiple Regression(HMR)showed the unique contributions of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to creativity were obviously task-related.