我国西部地区湖泊水资源利用与湖水咸化状况分析

Analysis on Utilization of the Lacustrine Water Resources and the Salinization of Lacustring Water in West China

湖泊咸化是指湖水含盐量逐步增加 ,湖泊由淡水湖向咸水湖、再向盐湖和干盐湖的演化过程 ,这是我国西部干旱、半干旱地区湖泊普遍存在的一种现象。在大量调查的基础上 ,分析了我国西部干旱、半干旱地区近几十年来湖泊萎缩咸化的状况 ,湖泊变化的所产生的原因 ,并初步提出改善我国西部地区湖泊水资源利用的对策。

Because of some irrational factors in utilizing water resources and the regional climate change in west China since recent decades, the lakes here are shrunk, the salinization of lacustrine water is accelerated, the regulation function of the lakes to the regional ecological environment is reduced, and the ecological environment is deteriorated, such as the degeneration of the natural vegetation and the land desertification. The exploitation and utilization of water resources and the conservation of the lacustrine resources and of the regional ecological environment must be paid great attention to. Salinization of lakes means that the salt content of lacustrine water is gradually increased, the freshwater lakes change towards the salty-water lakes, then evolved to salt-water lakes and dried-up lakes, which occur universally in the arid and semi-arid areas in west China. Based on the field investigation, this paper analyzes the shrinkage and salinization of the lakes in the arid and semi-arid areas in west China since recent decades, and also analyzes the factors causing the change of the lakes. Some measures are put forward for improving the utilization of the lacustrine water resources in west China.