跨国公司与东道国政府关系之研究

On the Relationship between Transnational Corporations and the Government of Host Countries

研究跨国公司(TNCs)与东道国政府关系主要有自由主义(liberalism)、新帝国主义(neo-imperialism)和新重商主义(neo-metrcantilism)三种传统范式。20世纪90年代以前,新帝国主义和新重商主义分别被用来解释跨国公司与发展中国家和发达国家与政府之间的关系,并作为东道国制定外资政策的依据。90年代后全球跨国公司及其对外直接投资的发展表明,跨国公司与东道国政府之间的合作多于对抗。由于传统范式显而易见的局限性,因此必须寻找新的理论范式来解释基于合作和互惠的跨国公司与东道国政府关系。新范式基于社会性嵌入(social embeddedness)认为,跨国公司与东道国政府之间的合作多于对抗。

There are chiefly three theoretical patterns in explaining the relationship between TNCs and the government of host countries: liberalism, neo-imperialism and neo-mercantilism. Before the 90s of 20th century, neo-imperialism and mercantilism are used to explain the relationship between TNCs and the governments of both developing and developed countries, and relied upon as reference for host countries foreign policies. Since then, the development of global transnational corporation and their FDI has shown more cooperation than confliction with the host countries. Because of obvious limitations of traditional patterns, it is necessary to find some theory to exhibit the new relationship based upon cooperation and mutual benefit between transnational corporations and the government of host countries. The new pattern, with the introducing of social embeddedness, hold that there are more cooperation than confliction in the relations between the two sides.