高温高压岩石粒间熔体(和流体)形态学及其研究进展

THE MORPHOLOGY OF MELT (AND FLUID) IN INTERGRANULAR PORES OF ROCK UNDER HIGH-TEMPERATURE AND HIGH-PRESSURE AND SOME DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERAMENTAL STUDIES OF THIS BRANCH

高温高压岩石粒间熔体(和流体)形态学是现代岩石学的前沿领域之一。它主要研究高温高压下低程度部分熔融(或含少量流体)岩石中,矿物颗粒之间熔体(或流体)形态特征、连通性,以及与周围矿物相互关系的科学。研究中较多地借鉴了材料科学的研究方法,与界面物理化学密切相关。高温高压下地幔岩石粒间熔体(和流体)形态学的研究为探讨地幔部分熔融作用、软流圈和地幔交代作用的成因提供了重要的实验依据,已成为地球深部研究的重要手段之一。目前该学科还没有为我国广大地学工作者所熟悉。为此,对高温高压岩石粒间熔体(和流体)形态学的基础理论、实验方法,以及某些实验研究结果进行简要介绍,从而为读者对该学科的了解提供一些便利。

The morphology of melt (and fluid) in intergranular pores of rock under high-temperature and high-pressure is one of forward branches in modern petrology. In this branch, the morphological features of melt (and fluid) in intergranular pores of rock, interconnectivity, and the relation between melt (or fluid) and mineral crystals around them under high-temperature and high-pressure are studied. Some observational methods of materials science are used in the study of this brach. The interfacial energy theory of physical chemistry is theoretical basis of this branch. The studies of morphology of melt (and fluid) in intergranular pores of mantle rock under high-temperature and high-pressure are very important for partial melting of mantle, asthenosphere, and metasomatism of mantle. In this paper, the theoretical basis, experimental method, and some results of this branch are reviewed.