“不过”的词汇化问题补议

A Supplementary Review of the Lexicalization of "Buguo"

上古汉语中,双音节"不过"构成的句子有三种情况,即动词性短语的不过句,约数短语不过句,名词、代词、名词短语类不过句。各类谓语与主语直接构成陈述关系。不论从句法结构看,还是从语义关系看,这些例子里的"不过"都应当分析为双音节的副词。

In early ancient Chinese, there were three types of sentences with the double-syllabled expression 'buguo', namely, verbified phrases, approximate numeral phrases and nouns, pronouns and noun phrases. For the declaratory relation of predicates to the subject, 'buguo' should be syntactically identified as a modifier to the predicate, that is, adverbial to the verb. Semantically, 'buguo' indicates a limit to what is said, viz., lessening the effect. Thus both syntactically and semantically, 'buguo' in all the examples cited in this paper should be regarded as a double-syllabled adverb.