猪血清蛋白质多态性与品种分类的研究

STUDIES ON SERUM PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM AND PIG BREED CLASSIFICATION

本文根据所测定的二花脸、梅山、枫泾、金华、姜曲海和长白猪的4个血清蛋白质系统——前白蛋白(Pa^A,Pa^B)、转铁蛋白(Tf^A,Tf^B,Tf^C)、铜蓝蛋白(CP^A,CP^B,CP^C)和淀粉酶(Am^A,Am^B,Am^C,Am^Y)的基因频率,估算了各品种间遗传距离和品种内平均基因多样度;并对各品种的4个血清蛋白位点的等位基因类型及分布特点进行了分析;进一步考证了我国猪种的起源与分化以及我国部分地方猪种的遗传结构和类缘关系;亦较系统地探讨了太湖猪不同类群的亲缘关系。

On the basis of well-known gene frequencies of 4 serum proteins: prealbumin (Pa^A Pa^B), transferrin (Ti^A, Tf^B, Tf^C), ceruloplasmin (Cp^A, Cp^B, Cp^C) and amylase (Am^A, Am^B, Am^C, Am^X) in Chinese native pigs (Erhualian, Meishan, Fenjing, Jinhua, and Jiangquhai) and Danish Landrace, the overall genetic distances between these breeds and average gene diversities within each breed were estimated. It was found that the Chinese native pigs were genetically similar to other Asian native pigs but different from European or American breeds in gene frequencies at 4 serum polymorphic loci, especially at Tf locus, and the genetic relationship between the 5 Chinese native pigs was closer than that between Chinese pig breeds and Danish Landrace. The genetic distances between the 3 strains (Erhualian, Meishan, Fenjing) of Taihu pig were even closer than that between them and other pig breods, which supplied a new evidance for incorporation of these 3 strains in one breed.